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Pre Terragen SpaceAge Timeline |
note: years b.c. /b.c.e. (before common era) and a.d. /c.e. (common era)
4.56 to 3.85 billion years ago - The Hadean Era. [see also Pre- terragen expansion timeline]
3.85 to 2.5 billion - The Archaean Era. [see also Pre- terragen expansion timeline]
2.5 billion to 544 million - The Proterozoic Era. [see also Pre- terragen expansion timeline]
544 to 250 million - The Paleozoic Era. [see also Pre- terragen expansion timeline - Paleozoic]
250 to 65.5 million - The Mesozoic Era. [see also Pre- terragen expansion timeline - Mesozoic]
65.5 million - The beginning of the Cenozoic Era. [see also Pre- terragen expansion timeline - Tertiary]
5 to 1 million - The existence of various species of Australopithecines.
2.2 to 1.6 million - Homo habilis exists on Earth.
1.6 million to 500,000 - Homo erectus exists on Earth.
850,000 - Homo erectus appears in Europe. It is the earliest Human presence in Europe known.
500,000 - Homo sapiens appears.
340 to 330,000 - An ice age.
330 to 270,000 - An interglacial period.
270 to 230,000 - An ice age.
230 to 160,000 - An interglacial period.
160 to 130,000 - An ice age.
130 to 35,000 - The last interglacial period before the present.
125,000 - Homo sapiens sapiens appears.
120,000 - A volcano on El Hierro in the Canary Islands suffers an earthquake, and its entire seaward flank falls into the ocean, generating a super-tsunami. By the time this wave reaches the east coast of North America, is remains 40 to 50 meters (130 to 160 feet) in height, devastating the coastlands.
100,000 to 33,000 - Homo neanderthalensis exists on Earth.
73,000 - The Toba eruption, a super-volcano which buries most of India under ash and causes a six year global volcanic winter, followed by a millennia-long "little ice age".
60,000 - Homo neanderthalensis appears in Europe.
35 to 11,600 - The last ice age.
30 to 25,000 - A foraging society appears in Austria and surrounding Europe, marked by the Woman of Willendorf figurine.
25 to 12,000 - Goddess carvings, sculptures, etc. appear throughout the world in conjunction with Human societies. - These are the famous "Venus" sculptures.
21 to 18,000 - Height of the last ice age. Oceans are at their lowest at some 85 meters below present day levels.
18 to 10,000 - Cave paintings appear throughout Europe.
11,600 - The Young Dryas cold snap.
11,400 - The Vela supernova is visible from Earth as a magnitude -10 object.
10,000 - The first settled agricultural villages appear in eastern Europe and the Middle East.
7,000 - The last land areas in the Bahamas not above the ocean in the current era are inundated.
6500 to 5650 - Catal Huyuk.
6,000 - The city-state of Jericho is established.
5000 to 2700 - Yangshao culture in China.
5000 - Agriculture begins in Mexico.
4000 - The Vra culture in Europe.
3500 to 2340 - Sumerian civilization.
3500 to 2000 - Longshan civilization in China.
3200 to 30 - Egyptian civilization.
3100 to 2300 - The first constructional phase of Stonehenge.
3000 to 1900 - Harappan civilization.
2340 to 1900 - Akkadian civilization.
2250 - Copper working appears in Europe.
2205 to 1818 - Xia Dynasty in China.
2100 to 2000 - The second constructional phase of Stonehenge.
2000 to 1550 - The third constructional phase of Stonehenge.
2000 to 1300 - Minoan civilization.
2000 to 1100 - The Mycenaean Era of Greek civilization.
2000 - The Palace at Knossos is constructed.
2000 - The first Peruvian ceremonial centers appear.
1900 to 1100 - Babylonian civilization.
1850 - The Celto-Ligurian culture.
1600 - Bronze working appears in Europe.
1523 to 1027 - The Shang Dynasty in China.
1500 to 700 - The Poverty Point culture in North America.
1500 to 300 - Olmec civilization.
1200 - The Urnfield Celts.
1100 to 800 - The Dorian Invasion of Greece brings about the Greek Dark Age.
1100 - The fourth and final constructional phase of Stonehenge.
900 - The Chavin people unite Peru.
850 - The possible birth time of Homer.
800 to 500 - The Archaic Period of Greek civilization.
800 - The Olmecs unite Mesoamerica.
776 - The first Olympic Games.
753 - The traditional date for the founding of Rome as agricultural settlements on the Palatine hill.
616 to 509 - The Etruscan kings rule Rome.
600 - Iron working appears in Europe.
600 - The beginnings of Greek philosophy.
594 to 508 - The development of Athenian democracy.
550 to 323 - The Persian Empire.
509 to 27 - The Roman Republic.
500 to 300 - The Hellenic Period, otherwise known as the time of classical Greek culture.
500 to 275 - Conquest of the Italian Peninsula by Rome, and the beginning of the Roman road system.
499 to 479 - The Persian Wars.
431 to 404 - The Peloponnesian War.
390 - Rome is sacked by the Gauls, but rebuilt.
336 to 323 - The conquests of Alexander the Great.
300 to 50 b.c.e. - The Hellenistic Period of Greek culture.
264 to 241 b.c.e. - The first Punic War.
218 to 202 b.c.e. - The second Punic War.
146 b.c.e. - The third Punic War and the conquest of Greece by Rome.
133 to 31 b.c.e. - Civil wars and the end of the Roman Republic.
27 to 312 c.e. - The Roman Empire
300 to 1300 c.e. - Mayan civilization.
312 c.e. to 1453 - The Byzantine Empire.
378 c.e. to 476 c.e. - Decline of Western Roman Empire.
410 c.e. - Rome is sacked by the Visigoths. The remainder of the Empire is now referred to as the Byzantine Empire.
450 c.e. - The Anglo-Saxons invade England.
597 c.e. - Saint Augustine begins his missionary work in England.
711 c.e. to 715 c.e. - Moslem conquest of Spain.
768 c.e. to 814 c.e. - The Reign of Charlemagne.
793 c.e. - The earliest documented Norse raids against England.
1066 c.e. - The Battle of Hastings.
1095 to 1291 - The Crusades.
1164 to 1216 - The reign of King John of England.
1347 to 1351 - The Black Death ravages Europe.
1350 to 1918 - The Ottoman Empire.
1400 to 1550 - The Renaissance in Europe.
1488 - Bartolomeu Dias rounds the Cape of Good Hope.
1492 - The Spanish Inquisition.
1492 - Christopher Columbus discovers the Americas.
1500 - Pedro Cabral discovers Brazil.
1500 to 1598 - The Reformation.
1519 to 1522 - The first circumnavigation of the globe, begun by Magellan and completed by Sebastian del Cano.
1519 to 1538 - Hernan Cortes conquers Mexico.
1540 to 1542 - Coronado explores the southwestern region of the future United States.
1585 - The first English colony in North America is established on Roanoke Island.
1600 - The English East India Company is founded.
1606 - Willem Janszoon discovers Australia.
1923 - The Republic of Turkey is founded.
1932 - The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is founded.
